MotionCtrl: A Unified and Flexible Motion Controller for Video Generation

Zhouxia Wang1,2, Ziyang Yuan1,4, Xintao Wang1,3✉, Tianshui Chen6, Menghan Xia3 Ping Luo2,5✉ Ying Shan1,3,
1ARC Lab, Tencent PCG, 2The University of Hong Kong, 3Tencent AI Lab, 4Tsinghua University, 5Shanghai AI Laboratory 6Guangdong University of Technology

  • We propose MotionCtrl, a unified and flexible motion controller for video generation. This controller is designed to independently and effectively manage both camera and object motions in the generated videos.
  • MotionCtrl can be deployed on LVDM [1] / VideoCrafter1 [2] (an improved version over LVDM), AnimateDiff[3] and SVD[4]. The results of these deployments are showcased on this page.

Selected Results of MotionCtrl + SVD

  • Current version of MotionCtrl + SVD has the capability to guide an image-to-video generation model to create videos with both basic and complex camera motion, given a sequence of camera poses.
  • You are able to generate videos with our provided Gradio Demo and [Source Code].

Selected Results of MotionCtrl + VideoCrafter

  • MotionCtrl has the capability to guide the video generation model in creating videos with complex camera motion, given a sequence of camera poses.
  • MotionCtrl can guide the video generation model to produce videos with specific object motion, provided object trajectories.
  • These results are generative with only one unified trained model.

Abstract

Motions in a video primarily consist of camera motion, induced by camera movement, and object motion, resulting from object movement. Accurate control of both camera and object motion is essential for video generation. However, existing works either mainly focus on one type of motion or do not clearly distinguish between the two, limiting their control capabilities and diversity. Therefore, this paper presents MotionCtrl, a unified and flexible motion controller for video generation designed to effectively and independently control camera and object motion. The architecture and training strategy of MotionCtrl are carefully devised, taking into account the inherent properties of camera motion, object motion, and imperfect training data. Compared to previous methods, MotionCtrl offers three main advantages: 1) It effectively and independently controls camera motion and object motion, enabling more fine-grained motion control and facilitating flexible and diverse combinations of both types of motion. 2) Its motion conditions are determined by camera poses and trajectories, which are appearance-free and minimally impact the appearance or shape of objects in generated videos. 3) It is a relatively generalizable model that can adapt to a wide array of camera poses and trajectories once trained. Extensive qualitative and quantitative experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the superiority of MotionCtrl over existing methods.


Methods

MotionCtrl extends the Denoising U-Net structure of LVDM with a Camera Motion Control Module (CMCM) and an Object Motion Control Module (OMCM). As illustrated in (b), the CMCM integrates camera pose sequences RT with LVDM's temporal transformers by appending RT to the input of the second self-attention module and applying a tailored and lightweight fully connected layer to extract the camera pose feature for subsequent processing. The OMCM utilizes convolutional layers and downsamplings to derive multi-scale features from Trajs, which are spatially incorporated into LVDM's convolutional layers to direct object motion. Further given a text prompt, LVDM generates videos from noise that correspond to the prompt, with background and object movements reflecting the specified camera poses and trajectories.

Results based on LVDM [1] / VideoCrafter1 [2]

Nothed that all the results, including the results of camera motion, object motion, and combination of these two motions are attained with only one unified trained model.

(A) Camera Motion Control

(a) MotionCtrl produces videos with complex camera motion.

Camera Motion Prompt Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3

"A dog sitting on

the green grass."

"A cat lying on

the floor."

"A castle in

the forest."

"A temple on

the mountains."


(b) MotionCtrl produces videos with 8 basic camera motions.

Pan Up Pan Down Pan Left Pan Right
Zoom In Zoom Out Anti-Clockwise Clockwise
Prompt: "A landscape with mountains and lakes at sunrise."

(c) MotionCtrl can fine-grainedly adjust the camera motion of the generated video.

0.2x Speed 0.4x Speed 1.0x Speed 2.0x Speed
Zoom In
Zoom Out
Prompt: "Rocky coastline with crashing waves."

(B) Object Motion Control

MotionCtrl produces videos with specific object motion, given a single or multiple object trajectories.

Trajectory(ies) Prompt Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3
"Wind chime"
"Sunflower"
"Paper plane"
"Fallen leaf"
"Two zebras"
"Two cats"

(C) Camera + Object Motion Control

MotionCtrl can simultaneously control the camera and object motion.

Camera Motion Object Motion Prompt Resutls

"The rose is swaying

in the wind."

"A horse running

on the road."


(D) Comparisons with VideoComposer [5]

MotionCtrl generates videos with camera or object motion well aligned with the reference videos or given trajectories, while maintaining a natural appearance. .

Camera Motion

Provided Reference Video

 Prompt VideoComposer [5] MotionCtrl
"Eiffel Tower in Paris."

"A human robot

standing on Mars."


Object Motion Prompt VideoComposer [5] MotionCtrl
"A girl is skiing."

"A feather floating

in the air."


Results based on AnimateDiff[3]

Nothed that all the results, including the results of camera motion and object motion, are attained with only one unified trained model.

(A) Camera Motion Control

(a) There are results with 8 basic camera motions.

Pan Up Pan Down Pan Left Pan Right
Zoom In Zoom Out Anti-Clockwise Clockwise
Prompt: "A teddy bear at the supermarket."

(b) There are results of zoom in and zoom out with different speeds.

1.0x Speed 2.0x Speed 3.0x Speed 5.0x Speed
Zoom In
Zoom Out
Prompt: "A castle on the mountains."

(c) There are results with complex camera motions.

Camera Motion Sample Camera Motion Sample Camera Motion Sample
Prompt: "A girl."

(B) Object Motion Control

There are results with specific object motion.

Trajectory Prompt Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3

"A teddy bear riding

a skateboard."


 

 

 

References

[1] Yingqing He, Tianyu Yang, Yong Zhang, Ying Shan, and Qifeng Chen. Latent video diffusion models for high-fidelity long video generation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.13221, 2023.

[2] Chen H, Xia M, He Y, et al. Videocrafter1: Open diffusion models for high-quality video generation[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.19512, 2023.

[3] Yuwei Guo, Ceyuan Yang, Anyi Rao, Yaohui Wang, Yu Qiao, Dahua Lin, and Bo Dai. Animatediff: Animate your personalized text-to-image diffusion models without specific tuning. arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.04725, 2023.

[4] Blattmann A, Dockhorn T, Kulal S, et al. Stable Video Diffusion: Scaling Latent Video Diffusion Models to Large Datasets[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.15127, 2023.

[5] Xiang Wang, Hangjie Yuan, Shiwei Zhang, Dayou Chen, Jiuniu Wang, Yingya Zhang, Yujun Shen, Deli Zhao, and Jingren Zhou. Videocomposer: Compositional video synthesis with motion controllability. arXiv preprint arXiv:2306.02018, 2023.

BibTex

@article{wang2023motionctrl,
  title={MotionCtrl: A Unified and Flexible Motion Controller for Video Generation},
  author={Wang, Zhouxia and Yuan, Ziyang and Wang, Xintao and Chen, Tianshui and Xia, Menghan and Luo, Ping and Shan, Yin},
  booktitle={arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.03641},
  year={2023}
}